Hemorheological alterations in diabetes mellitus

• Fabrichnova A.A.
• Kulikov D.A.
• Inna V. Misnikova
• Yulia A. Kovaleva
• Semenov A.N.
• Priezzhev A.V.
• Koshelev V.B.

Abstract

The compLex of metaboLic changes that are detected in diabetes meLLitus Leads as a ruLe to rheoLogicaL dis­turbance of the bLood. Even with a short duration of the disease, there are deviations in the basichemorheoLogicaL parameters, such as bLood viscosity, the abiLity of erythrocyte to aggregationand deformation. RheoLogicaL properties are especially important in the microvascular bed. Increased blood viscosity, hyperaggregation and-deterioration of erythrocyte deformability lead to impaired capillary blood flow, ischemia, hypoxia of organs and tissues. It is proved that a complex of micro-rheological disorders in diabetes mellitus is involved in the pathogenesis of late vascular complications. As a rule,the severity of complications of the disease correlates with the deterioration of rheological parameters; thus creating a vicious cycle in the pathogenesis of the disease. Deterioration of the rheological properties of the blood reaches particular importance in develop­ment of diabetic retinopathy. Detection of microhemorheological alterations in diabetes mellitus can serve anearly marker of target organ damage, that has been shown for diabetic nephropathy andlower limbs ischemia. Hemorheological disorders lead to the failureof other organs and systems, that is: an increase in the total peripheral resistance due to deterioration in rheological properties provokes the development of arterial hyper­tension. A correlation was established between the violation of myocardial perfusion in diabetes mellitus and the presence of erythrocyte hyperaggregation. Thus, hemorheological disturbanceplays an important role in the pathogenesis of the most common and disabling complications of diabetes mellitus and related disorders. Further studiesareneeded for understanding pathogenesis of the diseaseand finding effective ways of appro­priate treatment.

Keywords:diabetes mellitus, blood viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation, erythrocyte deformability, hemorheo-logical properties

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