The structure and features of reproductive and endocrine diseases in boys and adolescents in puberty in different ecological-geographical and iodine-deficient areas of the Republic of Dagestan

• Kamal G. Kamalov
• Gazimagomedov Gasan A.

Abstract

The article considers the observed increase in chronic pathology in children and adolescents, which requires close attention to their reproductive health.

The aim of the work is to assess the structure and frequency of detection of General reproductive pathology in puberal boys (11-17 years old) in the Republic of Dagestan, taking into account its specificity, namely, the presence of three ecological and geographical zones of residence and varying severity of iodine deficiency in the Republic.

Material and methods. Full-design randomized survey of boys aged 11-17 years was conducted during the period from 2002 to 2015. A total of 6513 people were examined: 2315 people on flat eco-geographic zone, 2651 people on mountain zone, and 1547 on submontane zone. The areas were divided according to the severity of iodine deficiency. The nature of reproductive and andrological pathology was analyzed in areas of different iodine deficiency severity in boys aged 11-13 (beginning of puberty) and 14-17 years old (peak timing and the end of puberty). Examination was conducted according to principle of living in the territories of the Republic of Dagestan with varying iodine deficiency severity.

Results and discussion. The results of the study allowed to determine that the leading andrological pathologies in the pubertal boys population in the country are: varicocele, delayed sexual development, delayed physical development and cryptorchidism. In addition, adolescent youthful dispituitarism, testicular hypoplasia, gynecomastia, hypogonadism, micropenia, etc. were identified. In addition, the frequency of endocrine and reproductive pathology in areas with severe or moderate iodine deficiency is 2.2 times higher than that in areas with mild iodine deficiency among boys 11-13 years and 1.5 times among boys 14-17 years old. Based on the analysis, it is necessary to intensify measures for the early detection of reproductive and endocrine pathology in order to minimize the negative impact that reduces the reproductive potential of the younger generation.

Keywords:iodine-deficiency territories, ecological-geographical zone, sexual development, physical development, reproductive pathology

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