From the individual characteristics of eating behavior and chronotype to the formation of abdominal obesity

• Ludmila V. Kvitkova
• Svetlana A. Smakotina
• Sotnikova Yulia M.
• Sergey F. Zinchuk

Abstract

One of the most common non-communicable diseases among the world's population is obesity. The number of patients with this pathology continues to increase, despite the measures taken. In this regard, a search for new etiological factors of obesity. Recent literature points to the role of eating disorders and individual chronotype in the development of overweight and obesity. However, these data are scarce and contradictory, whichserved as a prerequisite for the present study.

Aim of the study: examine the history and psychosocial conditions of life, as well as аssess the nature and frequency of eating disorders, determine individualchronotypes in men with primary obesity, assess the differences in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (CW) in this group depending from a variantof eating behavior (еmotionogenic, restrictive, external) and individual chronotype ("owl", "lark", "dove").

Material and methods. The study included 84 men aged 45-60 years with obesity, BMI≥30 kg/m² and CW≥94 cm. All patients were identified: body weight (kg), height (cm), waist and hip circumference (cm), BMI (kg/m²), chronotype (Horn-Ostberg questionnaire), type of eating behavior (Dutch questionnaire DEBQ), fasting venous plasma glucose concentration, glycated hemoglobin content, an oral glucose tolerance test with 75 g of glucose to exclude disorders of carbohydrate metabolism.

Results and discussion. The patients age was 59 [57; 60] years, BMI was 34.5 [31.6; 37.3] kg/m², CW was 109 [101; 116] cm. 45 (53.6%) had the first degree of obesity, the second - 27 (32.1%), the third - 12 (14.3%). Carbohydrate metabolism disorders were not identified. Emotionogenic type of eating behavior (EmEB) had 39 (46.4%), external type (ExEB) - 36 (42.9%), restrictive type (REB) - 9 (10.7%). The chronotype "owl" was found in 45 (53.6%), "dove" - in 21 (25%), "lark" - in 18 (21.4%). It was determined that BMI, CW are higher in patients with EmEB, REB and chronotype "owl" (p<0.05). A relationship was found between the type of EB and the chronotype (chi-square test = 14.21, p=0.006, EmEB, ExEB has the chronotype "owl", p=0.00153, p=0.00083).

Conclusion. The risk factors for obesity in men are emotiogenic or external types of eating disorders in combination with evening chronotype.

Keywords:obesity, eating behavior, chronotype

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