Clinical cases: hyperprolactinemia in men and women of different age. Whom, how and how long to treat?

• Alexander S. Ametov
• Evgeniya Yu. Pashkova

Abstract

The review article provides data on the prevalence, causes, and approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of hyperprolactinemia. Hyperprolactinemia is a common endocrine pathology that can occur in men and women of different age periods. There are physiological and pathological causes of hyperprolactinemia. There are multiple causes of pathological hyperprolactinemia, so doctors of various specialties should remember that various diseases of the central nervous system, systemic diseases, chronic renal failure, severe liver dysfunction, a number of medications, primarily neuroleptics, can lead to symptomatic hyperprolactinemia. Drug-induced hyperprolactinemia is most common. To diagnose the disease, it is enough to determine the level of blood prolactin, the article describes the rules for blood sampling and the interpretation of the results obtained. To date, dopaminomimetics are used in the treatment of hyperprolactinemia, the main drugs of the group are cabergoline, bromocriptine and quinagolide. This article shoes data on the effectiveness, dose selection, and side effects of each of them. In conclusion, three clinical examples are presented that clearly illustrate the clinical diversity of hyperprolactinemia.

Keywords:hyperprolactinemia, diagnosis, treatment, clinical case

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