Risk factors for thyroid oncogenesis. Contribution of genetic mutations, oncogenes, diselementosis and growth factors to the formation of follicular neoplasms of the thyroid gland in persons with visceral obesity

• Ludmila V. Kvitkova
• Anzhelika S. Khalimova

Abstract

The problem of the growth of benign and malignant tumors of the thyroid gland (TG) in recent years has become especially acute. In the structure of all neoplasms of the endocrine system, they account for 90%. Due to the availability of ultrasound examination, nodular formations and tumors are often diagnosed, however, the question of their primary prevention remains open. Perhaps this is due to the lack information on the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer. This review article provides information on the influence of genetic mutations, oncogenes, disorders of trace element composition, obesity, insulin resistance, IGF-1 and other growth factors on the morphology and function of the TG, as well as on the formation of benign and malignant neoplasms of the thyroid gland.

Keywords:thyroid gland, tumor, oncogenesis, trace element, insulin, obesity, growth factors

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