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2 . 2021

Simple, effective and convenient regime for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

According to the data currently in the world, there are about half a billion patients with diabetes mellitus, 90% of which is type 2 diabetes. Equally disturbing is the fact that there are 250 million people with unidentified type 2 diabetes and more than 300 million with prediabetes. And so, almost 1 billion people in the world with impaired carbohydrate metabolism. This is a veritable pandemic of noncommunicable disease. It is known that the medico-social significance of diabetes is due to cardio-renometabolic complications, often with fatal outcomes. The data of the analysis of domestic and foreign registers of diabetes mellitus indicate a high mortality rate of diabetics from cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The discovery over the past decades of new mechanisms for the regulation of glucose levels through the glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) led to the emergence of a new class of antihyperglycemic drugs - incretinomimetics, which allow not only to improve control over the level of glycemia, but also to influence on the pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of complications of type 2 diabetes. Exogenously administered arGLP-1 dulaglutide in clinical trials demonstrated the restoration of glucose-dependent insulin secretion, reduced inadequately high levels of glucagon, increased the sensitivity of α-cells to glucose in the hypoglycemic range, slowed down the rate of gastric emptying, improved cardiac function, decreased the intensity of apoptosis processes, glucose into cardiomyocytes, and stimulated vasodilation. In addition, arGPP-1 reduces appetite, promotes proliferation, and inhibits β-cell mass decline.

Keywords:diabetes mellitus, incretin-mimetics, glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1), GLP-1 receptor agonists, diabetic complications, dulaglutide

Funding. The study had no sponsor support.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

For citation: Mkrtumyan A.M., Sviridova M.I., Yanovskaya E.A. Simple, effective and convenient regime for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Endokrinologiya: novosti, mneniya, obuchenie [Endocrinology: News, Opinions, Training]. 2021; 10 (2): 82-92. DOI: DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/2304-9529-2021-10-2-82-92 (in Russian)

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CHIEF EDITOR
CHIEF EDITOR
Ametov Alexander S.
Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Subdepartment of Endocrinology, Head of the UNESCO Network Chair on the subject «Bioethics of diabetes as a global problem» of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education (Moscow)
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