To the content
2 . 2021

Features of differential diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in the modern world: clinical observation

Abstract

In this review, a clinical case of diabetes in a young patient demonstrates atypical diseases and diagnostic difficulties. Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by persistently elevated blood glucose levels. Although diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 (T2DM) are the most common types, other forms of diabetes often go undiagnosed or can be misdiagnosed as T1DM or T2DM. The clinical picture of diabetes mellitus may be atypical; the diagnosis of diseases may require additional examinations using diagnostic diagnostics and verification of the diagnosis of the type of diabetes mellitus.

Keywords:diabetes mellitus type 2, diabetes mellitus type 1, diagnostics, MODY-diabetes

Funding. The study had no sponsor support.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

For citation: Demidova T.Yu., Gritskevich E.Yu., Izmaylova M.Ya. Features of differential diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in the modern world: clinical observation // Эндокринология: новости, мнения, обучение. 2021. Т. 10, № 2. C. 112-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/2304-9529-2021-10-2-112-117

REFERENCES

1. Chellappan D.K., Sivam N.S., Teoh K.X., Leong W.P., Fui T.Z., Chooi K., et al. Gene therapy and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Biomed Phar-macother. 2018; 108: 1188-200. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bi-opha.2018.09.138 Epub 2018 Oct 2. PMID: 30372820.

2. Elksnis A., Martinell M., Eriksson O., et al. Heterogeneity of metabolic defects in type 2 diabetes and its relation to reactive oxygen species and alterations in beta-cell mass. Front. Physiol. 2019; 10: 107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.00107.

3. Shestakova M.V., Vikulova O.K., Zheleznyakova A.V., et al. Diabetes epidemiology in Russia: what has changed over the decade? Terapevticheskiy arkhiv [Therapeutic Archive]. 2019; 91 (10): 4-13. (in Russian)

4. Corbin K.D., Driscoll K.A., Pratley R.E., Smith S.R., Maahs D.M., Mayer-Davis E.J. Advancing Care for Type 1 Diabetes and Obesity Network (ACT1ON), obesity in type 1 diabetes: pathophysiology, clinical impact, and mechanisms. Endocr Rev. 2018; 39 (5): 629-63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1210/er.2017-00191

5. Regnell S.E., Lernmark A. Early prediction of autoimmune (type 1) diabetes. Diabetologia. 2017; 60 (8): 1370-81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-017-4308-1 Epub 2017 May 26.

6. Ilonen J., Lempainen J., Veijola R. The heterogeneous pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2019; 15 (11): 635-50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-019-0254-y Epub 2019 Sep 18. PMID: 31534209.

7. Nishimura A., Matsumura K., Kikuno S., Nagasawa K., Okubo M., Mori Y., et al. Slowly progressive type 1 diabetes mellitus: current knowledge and future perspectives. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2019; 12: 2461-77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S191007

8. Standards of specialized diabetes care. Edited by Dedov I.I., Shestakova M.V., Mayorov A. Yu. 9th edition, suppl. Sakharniy diabet [Diabetes Mellitus]. 2019; 22 (1): 1-144. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14341/DM221S1 (in Russian)

9. Van der Tuin K., Hannema S.E., Houdijk E.C., Losekoot M., de Koning E.J., Breuning M.H. Erfelijke ouderdomsdiabetes bij jongeren [Maturity-onset diabetes of the young]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2015; 159: A9247. [in Dutch]

10. Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group; Nathan D.M., Genuth S., Lachin J., Cleary P., Crofford O., Davis M., et al. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 1993; 329 (14): 977-86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199309303291401

11. Nathan D.M., Cleary P.A., Backlund J.Y., et al.; Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) Study Research Group. Intensive diabetes treatment and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2005; 353: 2643-53.

12. Merger S.R., Kerner W., Stadler M., Zeyfang A., Jehle P., MQller-Korbsch M., et al.; DPV Initiative; German BMBF Competence Network Diabetes Mellitus. Prevalence and comorbidities of double diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2016; 119: 48-56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2016.06.003 Epub 2016 Jun 25.

13. Khawandanah J. Double or hybrid diabetes: a systematic review on disease prevalence, characteristics and risk factors. Nutr Diabetes. 2019; 9 (1): 33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41387-019-0101-1

14. Triolo T.M., Armstrong T.K., McFann K., Yu L., Rewers M.J., KLingen-smith G.J., et at. Additional autoimmune disease found in 33% of patients at type 1 diabetes onset. Diabetes Care. 2011; 34 (5): 1211-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2337/dc10-1756

15. Bowden S.A., Hoffman R.P. Triple diabetes: coexistence of type 1 diabetes mellitus and a novel mutation in the gene responsible for MODY 3 in an overweigth adolescent. Pediatr Diabetes. 2008; 9 (2): 162-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-5448.2007.00335.x

16. Malik F.S., Taplin C.E. Insulin therapy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Paediatr Drugs. 2014; 16 (2): 141-50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40272-014-0064-6

17. Fattah H., Vallon V. The potential role of SGLT2 inhibitors in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Drugs. 2018; 78 (7): 717-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-018-0901-y

All articles in our journal are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0 license)

CHIEF EDITOR
CHIEF EDITOR
Ametov Alexander S.
Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of Subdepartment of Endocrinology, Head of the UNESCO Network Chair on the subject «Bioethics of diabetes as a global problem» of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education (Moscow)
Вскрытие

Journals of «GEOTAR-Media»