Effect of thyroid diseases on carbohydrate metabolism (on the model of the Republic of Dagestan)
AbstractConsidering that not all studies show an unambiguous connection between thyroid diseases and impaired glycemia and insulin resistance, it is interesting to demonstrate changes in carbohydrate metabolism in various functional states of the thyroid gland on the example of patients from the Republic of Dagestan.
The purpose of the study is to consider the effect of thyroid diseases on carbohydrate metabolism.
Material and methods. The study included 261 patients (56 men, 205 women), who were divided into groups: the group with primary hypothyroidism – 62 patients; the group with thyrotoxicosis – 28 patients and the group with euthyroid diseases (diffuse, nodular, diffuse-nodular goiter) – 133 patients, the control group without thyroid diseases – 38 patients.
Results. The study revealed the influence of various functional states of the thyroid gland on the level of glycemia and glycated hemoglobin, and the effect was noted in all three groups of examined patients. In all three groups, there was a significant increase in the level of the HOMA-IR index, in addition, the levels of insulin in patients with hypothyroidism and C-peptide in patients with hypothyroidism and euthyroid diseases also had statistically significant differences when compared with the control group.
Conclusion. Based on the conditions of the study (one of the exclusion criteria from the study was the presence of diabetes mellitus in patients), it is assumed that the changes in carbohydrate metabolism identified in this study may be a consequence of thyroid diseases, and with timely correction, negative progression of carbohydrate metabolism indicators can be avoided. In our opinion, it would be useful to assess the level of glycemia and determine insulin sensitivity in patients with thyroid diseases, given that these methods for determining these disorders are quite accessible and sensitive.
Keywords:thyroid diseases; euthyroidism; hypothyroidism; thyrotoxicosis; carbohydrate metabolism; HOMA-IR; insulin
Funding. The study had no sponsor support.
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
For citation: Magomedova I.M., Kamalov K.G. Effect of thyroid diseases on carbohydrate metabolism (on the model of the Republic of Dagestan). Endokrinologiya: novosti, mneniya, obuchenie [Endocrinology: News, Opinions, Training]. 2023; 12 (3): 33–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/2304-9529-2023-12-3-33-39 (in Russian)
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