References
1. Algorithms for specialized medical care for patients with diabetes. Edited by I.I. Dedov, M.V. Shestakova, A. Yu. Mayorov. 11th is. Moscow, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14341/DM13042 (in Russian)
2. American Diabetes Association. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes – 2017. Diabetes Care. 2017; 40 (Suppl. 1): S 1–S 2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2337/dc17-S 001
3. Definition and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and intermediate hyperglycemia. Report of WHO/IDF Consultation, 2006.
4. Santaguida P.L., Balion C., Hunt D., Morrison K., Gerstein H., Raina P., et al. Diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose. Evidence Report/Technology Assessment No. 128. (Prepared by the McMaster University Evidence-based Practice Center under Contract No. 290-02-0020). AHRQ Pub. No 05-E 026-2. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. September 2005.
5. Glucose tolerance and mortality: comparison of WHO and ADA diagnostic criteria. The DECODE study group. European Diabetes Epidemiology Group. Diabetes Epidemiology: Collaborative analysis Of Diagnostic criteria in Europe. Lancet. 1999; 354 (9179): 617–21.
6. Huang Y., Cai X., Mai W., Li M., Hu Y. Association between prediabetes and risk of cardiovascular disease and all cause mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2016; 355: i5953. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.i5953
7. Tominaga M., Eguchi H., Manaka H. et al. Impaired glucose tolerance is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but not impaired fasting glucose. The Funagata Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care. 1999; 22 (6): 920–4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.22.6.920
8. Li H., Meng Y., He S., Tan X., Zhang Y., Zhang X., et al. Macrophages, chronic inflammation, and insulin resistance. Cells. 2022; 11: 3001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11193001
9. Dudinskaya E.N., Brailova N.V., Strazhesko I.D., Akasheva D.U., Tkacheva O.N., Shestakova M.V. Role of insulin resistance in vascular aging processes (a review of literature). Profilakticheskaya Meditsina. 2014; 17 (2): 35–41. (in Russian)
10. Evans J.L., Maddux B.A., Goldgine I.D. The molecular basis fir oxidqative stress-induced insulin resistance. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2005; 7: 7–8: 1040–5.
11. Patti M., Corvera S. The role of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Endocr Rev 2010; 31: 3: 364–95.
12. Nandakumar J., Cech T.R. Finding the end: recruitment of telomerase to telomeres. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2013; 14 (2): 69–82. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrm3505
13. Blackburn E.H., Collins K. Telomerase: an RNP enzyme synthesizes DNA // Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2011; 3 (5): a003558. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a003558
14. Levy M.Z., Allsopp R.C., Futcher A.B., et al. Telomere end-replication problem and cell aging. J Mol Biol. 1992; 225 (4): 951–60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2836(92)90096-3
15. Shay J.W. Role of telomeres and telomerase in aging and cancer. Cancer Discov. 2016; 6 (6): 584–93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-16-0062
16. Adaikalakoteswari A., Balasubramanyam M., Ravikumar R., et al. Association of telomere shortening with impaired glucose tolerance and diabetic macroangiopathy. Atherosclerosis. 2007; 195 (1): 83–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.12.003
17. Sampson M.J., Winterbone M.S., Hughes J.C., et al. Monocyte telomere shortening and oxidative DNA damage in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2006; 29: 283–9.
18. Zhou M., Zhu L., Cu X., et al. Influence of diet on leukocyte telomere length, markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in individuals with varied glucose tolerance: a Chinese population study. Nutr J. 2016; 15: 39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-016-0157-x
19. Aix E., Gallinat A., Flores I. Telomeres and telomerase in heart regeneration. Differentiation. 2018; 100: 26–30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diff.2018.01.003
20. Dudinskaya E.N. Morphofunctional state of vascular wall and replicative cellular aging with different insulin sensitivity: Dissertation. Moscow. 2022: 283 p. (in Russian)
21. Brouilette S.W., Moore J.S., McMahon A.D., et al. Telomere length, risk of coronary heart disease, and statin treatment in the West of Scotland Primary Prevention Study: a nested case-control study. Lancet. 2007; 369 (9556): 107–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60071-3
22. Daubenmier J., Lin J., Blackburn E., et al. Changes in stress, eating, and metabolic factors are related to changes in telomerase activity in a randomized mindfulness intervention pilot study. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2012; 37 (7): 917–28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.10.00
23. Dudinskaya E.N., Tkacheva O.N., Brailova N.V., Strazhesko I.D., Shestakova M.V. Telomere biology and metabolic disorders: the role of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Problems of Endocrinology. 2020; 66 (4): 35–44. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14341/probl12510 (in Russian)
24. Rentoukas E., Tsarouhas K., Kaplanis I., et al. Connection between telomerase activity in PBMC and markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome. PLoS One. 2012; 7 (4): e35739. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0035739
25. Olivieri F., Albertini M.C., Orciani M., et al. DNA damage response (DDR) and senescence: shuttled inflamma-miRNAs on the stage of inflamm-aging. Oncotarget. 2015; 6 (34): 35509–21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.589
26. Demissie S., Levy D., Benjamin E.J., et al. Insulin resistance, oxidative stress, hypertension, and leukocyte telomere length in men from the Framingham Heart Study. Aging Cell. 2006; 5 (4): 325−30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-9726.2006.00224.x
27. Gardner J.P., Li S., Srinivasan S.R., et al. Rise in insulin resistance is associated with escalated telomere attrition. Circulation. 2005; 111 (17): 2171–7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000163550.70487.0B
28. Madsen K.S., Chi Y., Metzendorf M.I., Richter B., Hemmingsen B. Metformin for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in persons at increased risk for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019; Is 12. Art. No. CD 008558. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD 008558.pub2
29. Bogacka I., Ukropcova B., McNei M., et al. Structural and functional consequences of mitochondrial biogenesis in human adipocytes in vitro. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005; 90 (12): 6650–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2005-1024
30. Anisimov V.N., Berstein L.M., Egormin P.A., et al. Metformin slows down aging and extends life span of female SHR mice. Cell Cycle. 2008; 7 (17): 2769–73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4161/cc.7.17.6625
31. Ma D., Yu Y., Yu X., et al. The changes of leukocyte telomere length and telomerase activity after sitagliptin intervention in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2015; 31 (3): 256–61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.2578
32. Instruction for medical use of Subetta. https://grls.rosminzdrav.ru/Grls_View_v2.aspx?routingGuid=1c2e38fc-4204-4e5b-9839-48f134266015
33. Gorbunov E.A., Nicoll J., Kachaeva E.V., et al. Subetta increases phosphorylation of insulin receptor β-subunit alone and in the presence of insulin. Nutr Diabetes. 2015; 5 (7): e169. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nutd.2015.20
34. Gorbunov E.A., Nicoll J., Myslivets A.A., Kachaeva E.V., Tarasov S.A. Subetta enhances sensitivity of human muscle cells to insulin. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2015; 159 (4): 463–5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-015-2992-8; PMID: 26388576.
35. Nicoll J., Gorbunov E.A., Tarasov S.A., Epstein O.I. Subetta treatment increases adiponectin secretion by mature human adipocytes in vitro. Int J Endocrinol. 2013; 2013: 925874. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/925874
36. Mkrtumyan A., Ametov A., Demidova T., Volkova A., Dudinskaya E., Vertkin A., et al. A new approach to overcome insulin resistance in patients with impaired glucose tolerance: the results of a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial of efficacy and safety of Subetta. J Clin Med. 2022; 11 (5): 1390. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11051390
37. Shinkin M.V., Zvenigorodskaya L.A., Mkrtumyan A.M. Laser doppler flowmetry and fluorescence spectroscopy use to assess the condition of the microcirculatory bed and tissue metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on the background of Subetta therapy. Effective Pharmacotherapy. 2020; 16 (12): 8–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33978/2307-3586-2020-16-12-8-1